What is conducted every ten years to reassess the number of representatives in the House?

The process conducted every ten years to reassess the number of representatives in the House is known as the Census. In the United States, the Census collects detailed population data, which helps determine each state's population count. This count is crucial because it directly influences the apportionment of congressional seats among the states, as well as the distribution of federal funds and resources.

The data collected during the Census allows for a clearer understanding of population shifts, growth areas, and demographic changes. Based on this information, congressional representation may be adjusted to ensure that each district adequately represents its population. This systematic updating is pivotal for an equitable representation in the legislative process, reflecting changes in population across different regions of the country.

Other options, such as elections and referendums, pertain to voting processes but do not involve the population assessment necessary for determining representation. Reapportionment is actually the result of the Census data, where the actual distribution of representatives among the states is adjusted in response to the population figures, rather than the process of assessment itself.